| 来源类型 | Working Paper |
| 规范类型 | 报告 |
| DOI | 10.3386/w28455 |
| 来源ID | Working Paper 28455 |
| To What Extent Does In-Person Schooling Contribute to the Spread of COVID-19? Evidence from Michigan and Washington | |
| Dan Goldhaber; Scott A. Imberman; Katharine O. Strunk; Bryant Hopkins; Nate Brown; Erica Harbatkin; Tara Kilbride | |
| 发表日期 | 2021-02-15 |
| 出版年 | 2021 |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| 摘要 | The decision about how and when to open schools to in-person instruction has been a key question for policymakers throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. The instructional modality of schools has implications not only for the health and safety of students and staff, but also student learning and the degree to which parents can engage in job activities. We consider the role of instructional modality (in-person, hybrid, or remote instruction) in disease spread among the wider community. Using a variety of regression modeling strategies , we find that simple correlations show in-person modalities are correlated with increased COVID cases, but accounting for both pre-existing cases and a richer set of covariates brings estimates close to zero on average. In Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) specifications, in-person modality options are not associated with increased spread of COVID at low levels of pre-existing COVID cases but cases do increase at moderate to high pre-existing COVID rates. A bounding exercise suggests that the OLS findings for in-person modality are likely to represent an upper bound on the true relationship. These findings are robust to the inclusion of county and district fixed effects in terms of the insignificance of the findings, but the models with fixed effects are also somewhat imprecisely estimated. |
| 主题 | Health, Education, and Welfare ; Health ; Education ; COVID-19 |
| URL | https://www.nber.org/papers/w28455 |
| 来源智库 | National Bureau of Economic Research (United States) |
| 引用统计 | |
| 资源类型 | 智库出版物 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.153/handle/2XGU8XDN/586129 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Dan Goldhaber,Scott A. Imberman,Katharine O. Strunk,et al. To What Extent Does In-Person Schooling Contribute to the Spread of COVID-19? Evidence from Michigan and Washington. 2021. |
| 条目包含的文件 | ||||||
| 文件名称/大小 | 资源类型 | 版本类型 | 开放类型 | 使用许可 | ||
| w28455.pdf（1415KB） | 智库出版物 | 限制开放 | CC BY-NC-SA | 浏览 | ||
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