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来源类型 | Working Paper |
规范类型 | 报告 |
DOI | 10.3386/w29721 |
来源ID | Working Paper 29721 |
Omnia Juncta in Uno: Foreign Powers and Trademark Protection in Shanghai's Concession Era | |
Laura Alfaro; Cathy Ge Bao; Maggie X. Chen; Junjie Hong; Claudia Steinwender | |
发表日期 | 2022-02-07 |
出版年 | 2022 |
语种 | 英语 |
摘要 | We investigate how firms adapt to trademark protection, an extensively used but underexamined form of IP protection, by exploring a historical precedent: China's trademark law of 1923---an unanticipated and disapproved response to end foreign privileges in China. By exploiting a unique, newly digitized firm-employee-level dataset from Shanghai in 1872-1941, we show that the trademark law shaped firm dynamics on all sides of trademark conflicts. The law spurred growth and brand investment among Western firms with greater dependence on trademark protection. In contrast, Japanese businesses, which had frequently been accused of counterfeiting, experienced contractions while attempting to build their own brands after the law. The trademark law also led to new linkages with domestic agents, both within and outside the boundaries of Western firms, and the growth of Chinese intermediaries. At the aggregate level, trademark-intensive industries witnessed a net growth in employment and the number of product categories. A comparison with previous attempts by foreign powers---such as extraterritorial rights, bilateral treaties, and an unenforced trademark code---shows that those alternative institutions were ultimately unsuccessful. |
主题 | Microeconomics ; Households and Firms ; International Economics ; International Factor Mobility ; History ; Other History ; Development and Growth ; Development ; Innovation and R& ; D |
URL | https://www.nber.org/papers/w29721 |
来源智库 | National Bureau of Economic Research (United States) |
引用统计 | |
资源类型 | 智库出版物 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.153/handle/2XGU8XDN/587395 |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Laura Alfaro,Cathy Ge Bao,Maggie X. Chen,et al. Omnia Juncta in Uno: Foreign Powers and Trademark Protection in Shanghai's Concession Era. 2022. |
条目包含的文件 | ||||||
文件名称/大小 | 资源类型 | 版本类型 | 开放类型 | 使用许可 | ||
w29721.pdf(1131KB) | 智库出版物 | 限制开放 | CC BY-NC-SA | 浏览 |
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