| 来源类型 | Working Paper |
| 规范类型 | 报告 |
| DOI | 10.3386/w30323 |
| 来源ID | Working Paper 30323 |
| When the Kids Grow Up: Women's Employment and Earnings across the Family Cycle | |
| Claudia Goldin; Sari Pekkala Kerr; Claudia Olivetti | |
| 发表日期 | 2022-08-08 |
| 出版年 | 2022 |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| 摘要 | Women earn less than men, and that is especially true of mothers relative to fathers. Much of the widening occurs after family formation when mothers reduce their hours of work. But what happens when the kids grow up? To answer that question, we estimate three earning gaps: the “motherhood penalty,” the “price of being female,” and the “fatherhood premium.” When added together these three produce the “parental gender gap,” defined as the difference in income between mothers and fathers. We estimate earnings gaps for two education groups (college graduates and high school graduates who did not complete college) using longitudinal data from the NLSY79 that tracks respondents from their twenties to their fifties. As the children grow up and as women work more hours, the motherhood penalty is greatly reduced, especially for the less-educated group. But fathers manage to expand their relative gains, particularly among college graduates. The parental gender gap in earnings remains substantial for both education groups. |
| 主题 | Labor Economics ; Demography and Aging ; Labor Compensation |
| URL | https://www.nber.org/papers/w30323 |
| 来源智库 | National Bureau of Economic Research (United States) |
| 引用统计 | |
| 资源类型 | 智库出版物 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.153/handle/2XGU8XDN/587996 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Claudia Goldin,Sari Pekkala Kerr,Claudia Olivetti. When the Kids Grow Up: Women's Employment and Earnings across the Family Cycle. 2022. |
| 条目包含的文件 | ||||||
| 文件名称/大小 | 资源类型 | 版本类型 | 开放类型 | 使用许可 | ||
| w30323.pdf（570KB） | 智库出版物 | 限制开放 | CC BY-NC-SA | 浏览 | ||
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