Un article consacré aux freins et/ou leviers d'intégration de la biodiversité dans la réforme de la Politique agricole commune (PAC) dans un contexte international. Les débats dépassent en effet le cadre européen, et les questions de commerce, de sécurité alimentaire et d'environnement telles qu'elles sont négociées au niveau global sont au cœur du statu quo ou de la transformation des systèmes agricoles européens vers une intégration plus importante de la biodiversité.
Points clés [en anglais] :
- THE CAP AS AN INTERNATIONAL POLICY
The CAP may be the EU’s first common policy but its impacts on world agricultural trade makes it an international policy, subjected to pressure from the WTO and international environmental conventions. A comparison over the last twenty years of both forces shows that environmental objectives only progress when they are compatible with the overarching liberalization agenda.
- THE END OF THE GREEN-LIBERAL PACT
Agricultural price hikes and the return of a “Feed the World” agenda in 2008 question both green and liberal reforms. Whereas WTO pressures have been internalized and mobilized within the Commission, and as such appear to be unmovable, the greening agenda is fast losing support as well as the communication battle, and is increasingly presented as undermining both European agriculture production and competitiveness.
Despite high hopes for the CAP 2013 reform, and early political calls for greening of the policy, the balance of power is still strongly in favour of agricultural interests. Under tight budgetary pressures, we can fear that the CAP of 2013 will see a greening of discourses, but not policy.
