G2TT
来源类型Articles
规范类型论文
ISSN0006-3606
Forest tree persistence, elephants, and stem scars
Mindawati, N.; Heriansyah, I.; Hiratsuka, M.; Toma, T.; Gintings, A.N.; Morikawa, Y.
发表日期2004
出处Biotropica 36(4): 505-521
出版年2004
语种英语
摘要

Sixteen percent of tree stems 10 cm diameter or greater recorded in seven 1 ha plots in Rabongo Forest, Uganda had stem damage attributable to elephants (Loxodonta africana). We propose four strategies that may help tree species persist under these conditions: repellence, resistance, tolerance and avoidance. We sought and found evidence for each strategy. Large, shade-tolerant Cynometra alexandri dominated basal area (often >50%) and showed severe scarring. Nearly 80 percent of stems were small pioneer species. Scarring frequency and intensity increased with stem size. Stem-size distributions declined steeply, implying a high mortality to growth rate ratio. Tree species with spiny stems or with known toxic bark defenses were unscarred. Epiphytic figs escaped damage while at small sizes. Mid-successional tree species were scarce and appeared sensitive to elephants. Savanna species were seldom scarred. Taking stem size effects into account by using a per-stem logistic modeling approach, scarring became more probable with slower growth and with increasing species abundance, and also varied with location. Pioneer and shade-bearer guilds showed a deficit of intermediate-sized stems. Evidence that selective elephant damage is responsible for monodominant C. alexandri forests remains equivocal; however, elephants do influence tree diversity, forest structure, and the wider landscape.

主题succession ; rain forests ; species richness ; damage ; Cynometra ; stems ; Loxodonta africana
区域Uganda,Africa
URLhttps://www.cifor.org/library/1654/
来源智库Center for International Forestry Research (Indonesia)
资源类型智库出版物
条目标识符http://119.78.100.153/handle/2XGU8XDN/90606
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
Mindawati, N.,Heriansyah, I.,Hiratsuka, M.,et al. Forest tree persistence, elephants, and stem scars. 2004.
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