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Non-timber forest products provide multiple livelihood benefits. They are mainly harvested
from the wild until their value increases and over-harvesting incentivises cultivation.
Markets have driven cultivation, but are also frequently negatively associated with
maintaining populations of wild species. A forest-to-farm transition can maintain and
enhance sustainable livelihoods as well as help maintain genetic resources aided by
species specific regulation, customary traditions and support from research and
development initiatives.