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In the Central Congo Basin, semi-deciduous forests often express edaphic heterogeneity in their physical characteristics marked by contrasting sandy and clayey habitats, mainly due to microtopographic features. The fact that almost identical substrates are located in separated sites may give rise to local floristic differentiations because of dispersal limitation due to distance and ecological barriers. It is also notable that species composition differs according to forest layers and there could be different soil and distance effects on plant communities when these forest layers are considered.