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6 native forest species were tested in two assays of initial adaptability at 25 and 7 months old. The experimental sites were situated in two degraded and abandoned sectors of intensive agricultural and cattle use in the tropical area of Pucallpa, capital of Ucayali. We measured and analyzed the increase in height and diameter of the whole population of trees, together with vigour, mortality, major damage, phytosociology dynamics and the total biomass in representative sites. The sites abandoned after agricultural use presented degradations in the proprieties of the soil, with respect to three equivalent levels of the cover “empobrecida,” Imperata brasiliensis, Rottboellia cochinchinensis and Baccharis floribunda. After 25 months, we found that Schizolobium amazonicum had a major capacity for adaptability, with an average volume of 23 dm3 a vigour better than 73% and 72% survival. This was followed by Tabebuia serratifolia with 2 dm3, 81% vigor and 95% survival. Teminalia oblonga and Amburana cearensis, had 0.8 dm3 volume, 58 and 63% vigour and 72 and 83% survival. Two species normally recommended for reforestation, Calycophyllum spruceanum and Cedrelinga catenaeformis, gave poor results. A habitat dominated by I. brasiliensis is not favorable to the initial establishment of any of the species tested; R. cochinchinensis and B. floribunda were favorable only to S. amazonicum and T. serratifolia. A habitat dominated by secondary forest was the most favorable for all the species tested.